解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The liver is where lymphocytes undergo activation-induced cell death (AICD) at the resolution phase of an immune response, which is crucial for homeostasis of the immune system and prevention of autoimmunity. Exploring the machinery of AICD in the liver, we found that a primary culture supernatant of murine hepatocyte...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2003.01542.x
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cells expressing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme which catabolizes tryptophan, prevent T-cell proliferation in vitro, suppress maternal antifetal immunity during pregnancy and inhibit T-cell-mediated responses to tumour-associated antigens. To examine the mechanistic basis of these phenomena we activated ...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01526.x
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thrombomodulin is a transmembranous glycoprotein of endothelial cells. In vitro it is a marker of endothelial cell injury. In vivo the levels of serum thrombomodulin are regarded as a parameter of activity in vasculitides. The latter are pathophysiologically determined by neutrophil-derived inflammation and endothelia...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01469.x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The negative role exerted by cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) in the regulation of T-cell activity, as induced by T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 and CD28 costimulation, has been widely described. In the present work we investigated the role of CTLA-4 in the control of cell activation, as induced by cost...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01493.x
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently it has been shown that selective subconjunctival macrophage depletion reduced the incidence and severity of stromal herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis in mice. In this study, we examined the effect of conjunctival macrophage depletion on the corneal and systemic T-cell-mediated immune response. BALB/c mice ...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01477.x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) in normal human small intestine exhibit cytotoxicity. This study was undertaken to characterize the effector cells and their mode of action. Freshly isolated jejunal IEL and lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL), as well as IEL and LPL depleted of CD4+, CD8+ and T-cell receptor (TCR)-gamma...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01461.x
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the cloning of cDNA encoding the pig homologue of human integrin-associated protein (IAP or CD47). A pig CD47-specific probe was generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of pig leucocyte cDNA, using primers based on consensus regions among the known sequences of CD47 from different species....
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01465.x
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the hallmarks of systemic autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is the immune response to nuclear autoantigens. Several studies have proposed that dendritic cells may acquire the nuclear autoantigens from the apoptotic cells to initiate the systemic autoimmune responses. To examine th...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01438.x
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We hypothesized that the addition of polymer to the surface of liposome/DNA complexes may potentially enhance in vivo delivery of plasmid DNA to antigen-presenting cells and thereby facilitate enhanced immune responses to encoded protein. BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously or intramuscularly three times with a ...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01448.x
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously reported that human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) causes a stage-specific inhibition of T-cell receptor (TCR) alphabeta cell development in the thymus of transgenic mice constitutively expressing the hGM-CSF receptor. Since it has been reported that the addition of inter...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01402.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toll-like receptors (TLR) are sentinel receptors capable of recognizing pathogen-associated molecule patterns (PAMP) such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CpG-containing oligonucleotides (CpG ODN). TLR2 and TLR4 are major receptors for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cell wall components, respectively. TLR9 i...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01401.x
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thymocytes expressing self-reactive T-cell receptors (TCR) are eliminated in the thymus through a TCR-mediated signal. This cell death signal (negative selection) generates nuclear morphological change and DNA fragmentation in thymocytes. However, the pathway leading to DNA fragmentation of thymocytes following TCR en...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01347.x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dogs with immunoglobulin E (IgE) allergy for ragweed that are sensitized by intrapulmonary exposure to ragweed can be used to study the pulmonary immune response that is important in allergic asthma. Using this model, we tested the hypothesis that T lymphocytes are activated locally in the airways shortly after allerg...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01383.x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously demonstrated that immunoglobulin A (IgA)(-/-) knockout (KO) mice exhibit levels of susceptibility to influenza virus infection that are similar to those of their normal IgA(+/+) littermates. To understand the mechanism of this apparent mucosal immunity without IgA, immunoglobulin isotype and T helpe...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.0019-2805.2001.01368.x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokines and their receptors regulate cell migration to sites of inflammation. The glucocorticoid dexamethasone has potent anti-inflammatory effects, yet paradoxically up-regulates expression of some cytokine receptors. We have examined the effects of dexamethasone on chemokine receptor expression. Using an RNase pr...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.0019-2805.2001.01359.x
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibodies have been known for some time to be functionally monovalent. Recently, the structural basis for this monovalency has been elucidated: the in vivo exchange of IgG half-molecules (one H-plus one L-chain) among IgG4. This process results in bispecific antibodies that in most situations...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.0019-2805.2001.01341.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intestinal inflammatory disease or infection often results in the loss of the epithelial layer as a result mainly of the action of proteases, including the leucocyte serine proteinases (neutrophil elastase), lysosomal cathepsins and the matrix metalloproteinases from recruited inflammatory cells. Previous studies have...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.0019-2805.2001.01352.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adrenaline is a catecholamine hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to acute stress. Previous studies have shown that adrenaline suppresses the nitric oxide (NO) response of murine macrophages (M phi s) stimulated in vitro with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We have now extended these studies to examine the e...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01332.x
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is important to identify characteristics that confer on proteins the potential to induce allergenic sensitization and allergenic disease. Protein allergens carry T-cell epitopes that are capable of inducing a type 2 T helper (Th2) cell response. There is limited information regarding factors that govern the allerge...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01314.x
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) is essential for resistance to Trypanosoma cruzi infection because it stimulates the synthesis of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), a major activator of the parasiticidal effect of macrophages. A less studied property of IL-12 is its ability to amplify the proliferation of T or natural ...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01311.x
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that opsonic and non-opsonic phagocytic capacities are differentially regulated by resting and wound-derived macrophages. Furthermore, the phagocytosis of non-opsonized zymosan and beta-glucan particles was quantified to determine whether cells differentially regulate ...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01291.x
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to macromolecular interactions that provide co-stimulation during antigen-presenting cell (APC) and CD4+ T-cell conjugation, covalent chemical events between specialized ligands have been implicated in T-cell co-stimulation. These take the form of transient Schiff base formation between carbonyls and amine...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01290.x
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have provided substantial insights into basic pathogenic mechanisms of chronic inflammatory arthritis and autoimmune disease in general. Of the variety of models reported, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) has been the most characterized in terms of both its pathogenesis and i...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01267.x
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) impeded monocyte to macrophage differentiation with respect to typical phenotypic modulation and certain phagocyte-related processes. The down-regulation of the porcine monocyte marker SWC1, and up-regulation of the SWC9 macrophage marker were ret...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01266.x
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Donor T cells are crucial for target organ injury in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). We examined the effects of donor T cells on the target organs using a parent-into-F1 model of acute and chronic GVHD. Donor T cells showed engraftment in the spleen, small intestine and liver of mice with acute GVHD, causing typical...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01240.x
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the role of the macrophage scavenger receptor type A (SRA) in immune activation by CpG DNA, cytokine induction and DNA uptake were tested in vitro and in vivo using SRA knockout (SRA-/-) and wild type (WT) mice. As a source of CpG DNA, Escherichia coli DNA (EC DNA) and a 20-mer phosphorothioate oligodeoxynuc...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01222.x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the hs1,2 transcriptional enhancer identified downstream of the human alpha1 gene of the immunoglobulin H (IgH) locus, for which two different allelic configurations (a and b) were previously reported by Southern blotting. By using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method we amplified minisatellites within ...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01217.x
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice, many leucocytes undergo apoptosis. Although apoptosis has been ascribed to increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) and Fas-FasL interaction, the importance of this phenomenon in modulating the host response against T. cruzi is unknown. Herein, the role of NO- and Fas-Fas...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01216.x
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful elimination of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) during acute infection has been linked to strong HCV-specific in vitro T-cell proliferation, whereas T cells from patients with chronic hepatitis C respond only weakly to HCV antigens. Lipid-coupled peptides are immunostimulants, which might provide a basis for nov...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01209.x
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnancy in sheep is associated with changes in numbers of specific T-lymphocyte populations in the uterine endometrium. These changes probably contribute to evasion by the conceptus of maternal immunological rejection and indicate a possible role for T cells in placental growth, parturition and post-parturient uteri...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01182.x
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of freshly isolated primary human alveolar epithelial cells (type II pneumocytes) to induce leucocyte migration across an endothelial monolayer was investigated. Three-way factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated that resting alveolar endothelial cells (AEC) could produce detectable quantities o...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01172.x
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular prion protein (PrPc) is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell surface protein, which is expressed at high density on nervous tissues and at lower levels on most other solid-organ tissues. It is also expressed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of all lineages. In lymphocytes, its lev...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01166.x
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is increasingly becoming clear that various immune cells are infected by the very pathogens that they are supposed to attack. Although many mechanisms for microbial entry exist, it appears that a common route of entry shared by certain bacteria, viruses and parasites involves cellular lipid-rich microdomains someti...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01173.x
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To date, the most potent mucosal vaccine adjuvants to be identified have been bacterial toxins. The present data demonstrate that the type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein (type 2 RIP), mistletoe lectin I (ML-I) is a strong mucosal adjuvant of plant origin. A number of plant lectins were investigated as intranasal (i.n...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01157.x
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chicken antibodies (immunoglobulin Y; IgY) to the alpha Gal epitope (galactose alpha-1,3-galactose) bind to alpha Gal antigens of mouse and porcine tissues and endothelial cells in vitro and block human anti-alpha Gal antibody binding, complement activation and antibody-dependent cell-mediated lysis mechanisms. The ac...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00136.x
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A panel of four mimotopes of the epitope recognized by the highly protective monoclonal antibody against Schistosoma mansoni (152-66-9B) was obtained by screening a solid-phase 8mer random peptide library. Three of the four mimotopes (p28, p29 and p30) were efficiently recognized in an in vitro radioimmunoassay by the...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00139.x
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunization of mice with cognate cancer-derived heat-shock protein (hsp) preparations leads to protection from cancer growth. As hsp used for vaccination or therapy are derived from autologous cancers, questions of pathological autoimmunity are of immense significance for the ongoing translation of this approach to t...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00127.x
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among peripheral T cells, the expression of CD4 and CD8 is almost mutually exclusive. However, here we show, using flow cytometric analysis, that ex vivo approximately 6% of rat T cells stained for both CD4 and CD8. These double positive cells were also detected by confocal microscopy. Only around 50% of double positi...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00071.x
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We established in previous studies that the binding of Salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to constitutive receptors of low affinity triggers the expression of the inducible LPS-binding molecule CD14 in bone marrow cells (BMC) of C3H/HeOU mice, but not in BMC from C3H/HeJ mice. We show in this study that BMC from C3H/...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00107.x
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study has examined the stimuli required for secretion of regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, presumed secreted (RANTES) from T lymphocytes and found that stimuli such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which are unable to support T-cell proliferation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production, are...
journal_title:Immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00072.x
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00